The heirs of the current royal dukes are Duke of Cambridge: Prince George of Wales Duke of Sussex: Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor Duke of York: no male heir Duke of Gloucester: Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster Duke of Kent: George Windsor, Earl of St. Andrews Current Royal Dukes The Earl Marshal is considered the eighth of the Great Officers of State, with the Lord High Constable above him and only the Lord High Admiral beneath him. But those who live outside the U.K. have a difficult time deciphering the Brits' peerage system, which is a complex, overlapping web of dukes, earls, barons and more. Both titles are reserved for princes (and their descendants). Earl or Countess - The Earls in the British nobility are ranked below the Marquess but above the Viscounts. Frederick North, Lord North, eldest son of the Earl of Guilford, 48. Non-royal dukedom created in 1660 (extinct 1688); Separate Dukedom of Gloucester is extant. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Duke of Manchester created for the Charles Montagu in 1719. He is the eighth of the great officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the lord high constable and above the lord high admiral. Prior to an Act of Parliament in 1824, Protestant deputies were required when the Earl Marshal was a Roman Catholic, which occurred frequently due to the Catholicism of the Norfolks. John Gathorne-Hardy, Lord Medway, eldest son of the Earl of Cranbrook, 121. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The general order of precedence among dukes is: Whilst the general order of precedence is set according to the age of the peerage, the sovereign's Grace may accord any peer higher precedence than his date of creation would warrant. Conservative Party politician and barrister; former Lord High Chancellor (from 1919 to 1922), courtier, Conservative Party politician and financier; former Lord Steward of the Household (from 1915 to 1922), former Governor-General of New Zealand (from 1920 to 1924); a senior Royal Navy officer, Conservative Party politician; former Secretary of State for India and First Commissioner of Works, Viceroy of India (from 1931 to 1936) and former Governor-General of Canada (from 1926 to 1931); created, former Prime Minister (from 1923 to 1924, from 1924 to 1929 and from 1935 to 1937), former Viceroy of India (from 1926 to 1931), Foreign Secretary and British Ambassador to the United States, former Prime Minister (from 1916 to 1922), former Governor-General of Australia (from 1936 to 1945), former Viceroy of India (from 1943 to 1947) and senior British Army officer, former Viceroy of India (in 1947) and senior Royal Navy officer, Labour Party politician; Lord High Chancellor from 1945 to 1951, Governor-General of Canada from 1946 to 1952, and senior British Army officer, Conservative Party politician; former Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations, for Air and for the Colonies, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and President of the Board of Trade, former Prime Minister (from 1945 to 1951), Conservative Party politician and businessman; Chairman of the Conservative Party from 1946 to 1955; Minister of Food and Minister of Reconstruction during the Second World War, former Prime Minister (from 1955 to 1957), Conservative Party politician, lawyer and judge; Lord High Chancellor from 1954 to 1962, Labour Party politician; First Lord of the Admiralty during the Second World War and Minister of Defence from 1946 to 1950, former Prime Minister (from 1957 to 1963), additional Scottish title for Prince Edward, This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 02:54. The office of royal marshal existed in much of Europe, involving managing horses and protecting the monarch. by R och andra bcker. How many dukes are in England? The current dukedom of Richmond was created in 1675 [lower-alpha 1] for Charles Lennox, the illegitimate son of King Charles II of England and a Breton noblewoman, Louise de Penancot de Krouaille . At present there are 24 dukes (not including royal dukes). William Lindesay-Bethume, Viscount Garnock, eldest son of the Earl of Lindsay, 25. Luke Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke, eldest son of the Earl of Sandwich, 10. So, that dukedom is permanently out for the royals. [4] The third dukes of Gloucester and Kent will each be styled His Grace because, as great-grandsons of King George V, they are not princes and are not styled HRH. Over the centuries, peerages were inherited, created or conferred by the British king or queen, originally to landowners who advised him or her, as a sort of Royal council. William Bentinck, Viscount Woodstock, eldest son of the Earl of Portland, 12. Charles Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley, eldest son of the Earl of Snowdon, 135. William Hay, Viscount Dupplin, eldest son of the Earl of Kinnoull, 26. Earl of Bridgewater was a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England, once for the Daubeny family (1538) and once for the Egerton family (1617). The following is a list of dukedoms previously created for members of the royal family, but which have subsequently merged in the crown, become extinct or have otherwise ceased to be royal dukedoms.
One of the duchies that was merged into the Crown, Lancaster, still provides income to the sovereign. To conclude: England's Marquesses own only a tenth as much land as the highest tier of aristocracy, the Dukes - though to be fair, much of the 1 million acres of land owned by the Dukes is to be found in Scotland as well as England. After passing through his daughter's husband to the Earls of Norfolk, the post evolved into "Earl Marshal" and the title remained unchanged, even after the earldom of Norfolk became a dukedom. The premier duke of Scotland is the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon. He is chiefly remembered for his unhappy marriage to, and scandalous 1963 divorce from, the Duchess of Argyll, Margaret . The British monarch also holds and is entitled to the revenues of the Duchy of Lancaster, and within the borders of the County Palatine of Lancashire is by tradition saluted as "The Duke of Lancaster" even though the title is technically extinct. Jonathan Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan, eldest son of the Earl of Cork and Orrery, 60. Twice a woman was created a Duchess in her own right (but only for life). Henry Noel, Viscount Campden, eldest son of the Earl of Gainsborough, 110. Crusader Kings 3 console commands and cheats are handy tools for anyone who needs an extra bit of help when first starting out. Jack Courtenay, Lord Courtenay, eldest son of the Earl of Devon, 5.
Current United Kingdom Earldoms - C RACROFT'S P EERAGE The royal dukes are dukes of the United Kingdom, but rank higher in the order of precedence than the age of their titles warrants, due to their close relationship to the monarch.
Prince Harry makes subtle personal change amid Prince William's new The coronets of the royal family are dictated by letters patent. Earl is the oldest title in the British peerage, dating back to the 11th century. This is a list of the 31 present and extant dukes in the peerages of the Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Kingdom of Great Britain, Kingdom of Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1927 and after. As the eldest son of the Sovereign, the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay ranks higher in precedence than he would by virtue of the seniority of his dukedoms alone. The King of Anglo-Saxon England had ruled for 24 years, and yet . John Douglas-Hamilton, Lord Daer, eldest son of the Earl of Selkirk, 32. Burlington, Earl of (UK, 1831) - the earldom has been held by the Dukes of Devonshire since 1858, when the 2nd Earl of Burlington succeeded his cousin as 7th Duke of Devonshire Cairns, Earl (UK, 1878) Cathcart, Earl (UK, 1814) Cawdor, Earl (UK, 1827) Chichester, Earl of (UK, 1801) Clarence, Earl of (UK, 1881 - deprived 1919) - see Duke of Albany
King Charles II of England and Scotland had 14 illegitimate - Reddit Although other state and ecclesiastical officers rank above in precedence, they are not hereditary. Montague-Smith, P. W. (2015). The order did not apply within Parliament, nor did it grant precedence above the archbishop of Canterbury or other Great Officers of State such as is now enjoyed by royal dukes. In the Peerage of England, the title of Duke was created 74 times (using 40 different titles: the rest were recreations). The younger sons of an earl are The Honourable (Hon. Interestingly, the business of selecting dukedoms for the royals is a fraught process. Louis Spencer, Viscount Althorp, eldest son of the Earl Spencer, 53. Baron is the most populous rank today, with 426 hereditary barons and nine hereditary baronesses. But it placed junior "Dukes of the Blood Royal" above the most senior non-royal duke, junior "Earls of the Blood Royal" above the most senior non-royal earl (cf. Harry Hay, Lord Hay, eldest son of the Earl of Erroll, 16.
Why the British monarchy is running out of noble - The Conversation The highest grade is duke/duchess, followed by marquess/marchioness, earl/countess, viscount/viscountess and baron/baroness. Dudley Ryder, Viscount Sandon, eldest son of the Earl of Harrowby, 91. 11. Much of the world is fascinated by the British royals, with all of their titles. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. The Duke of York and the Duke of Sussex bear by letters patent the coronet of a child of the sovereign (four crosses pates alternating with four fleurs-de-lis), while the Duke of Cornwall, Rothesay and Cambridge has use of the Prince of Wales' coronet, and the current dukes of Gloucester and of Kent, as grandsons of a sovereign bear the corresponding coronet of a royal duke.
The British Royal Family Tree: This Chart Explains It All [2022] Those receiving a life peerage, which can't be inherited, also received the title of baron or baroness. Frederick Lambton, Viscount Lambton, eldest son of the Earl of Durham, 104. Chester, Pembroke, Durham) whose titles were connected to entire counties, with regal jurisdiction (jura regalia) and enjoying full privileges and fruits of royal seigniory, (2) earldoms created by the king and appointed to a county, but only enjoying right to a third of the profits of the pleas of the county court; (3) earldoms created by royal grants of large tracts of land to be held in feudal service (per servitum unius comitatus), erecting the tract to a county to support the earldom. Jamie St Clair-Erskine, Lord Loughborough, eldest son of the Earl of Rosslyn, 82.
The Life of the Most Illustrious Prince John, Duke of Argyle and Last edited on 18 February 2023, at 10:26, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of dukes in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, List of dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dukes_in_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1140088323, Speak to as: Your Grace (formal and employees), Duke (social). The general order of precedence among dukes is: Whilst the general order of precedence is set according to the age of the peerage, the sovereign's Grace may accord any peer higher precedence than his date of creation would warrant. He or she does not hold the legal title of Duke of Normandy. Although the term "royal duke" therefore has no official meaning per se, the category "Duke of the Blood Royal" was acknowledged as a rank conferring special precedence at court in the unrevoked 20th clause of the Lord Chamberlain's order of 1520. Robert Rous, Viscount Dunwich, eldest son of the Earl of Stradbroke, 99. Sorted by (historical) entity at time of grant, Earldoms in the Peerage of England, 10661707, Earldoms in the Peerage of Scotland, 10721707, Earldoms in the Peerage of Great Britain, 17071801, Earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland, 12051831, Earldoms in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, 1801 to present. Duke of Devonshire is a title in the Peerage of England held by members of the Cavendish family.This (now the senior) branch of the Cavendish family has been one of the wealthiest British aristocratic families since the 16th century and has been rivalled in political influence perhaps only by the Marquesses of Salisbury and the Earls of Derby. The wife of a duke is known as a duchess, which is also the title of a woman who holds a dukedom in her own right, referred to as a duchess suo jure; her husband, however, does not receive any title.
List of family seats of English nobility - Wikipedia ); the earl's daughters are Ladies. Lawrence Parsons, Lord Oxmantown, eldest son of the Earl of Rosse (Peerage of Ireland), 88. His huller-i} a duke, his groom an. Under the mattress were the Letters Patent to his earldom. It is the eighth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord High Constable and above the Lord High Admiral. As the current Lord Steward of the Household, The Earl of Dalhousie ranks higher in precedence than he would by virtue of the seniority of his Earldom alone. For a more complete historical listing, including extinct, dormant, abeyant, forfeit dukedoms in addition to these extant ones, see List of dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland.
Who Are the Hottest Young Royals and Artistocrats? - PAPER ), Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage: Clan Chiefs, Scottish Feudal Barons (107th Edition, Burke's Peerage Ltd, London, 2003)
Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom - Wikipedia Jonathan Herbert, Viscount Clive, eldest son of the Earl of Powis, 86. Andrew Stuart, Viscount Stuart, eldest son of the Earl Castle Stewart, 79. [1] Those patents each contain the standard remainder to "heirs male of his body". Today, there are no new hereditary peerages being created, with one exception: those the monarch creates for members of the royal family. The current royal dukedoms, held as principal titles, in order of precedence, are: The following dukedoms are currently held by William, Prince of Wales: With the exceptions of the dukedoms of Cornwall and Rothesay (which can only be held by the eldest living son of the sovereign who is also the heir apparent), these dukedoms are hereditary according to the letters patent that created them. Duke, in the United Kingdom, is the highest-ranking hereditary title in all five peerages of the British Isles. Benjamin Bathurst, Lord Apsley, eldest son of the Earl Bathurst, 54.
List of British dukedoms - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, List of earls in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, List of earls in the reign of Richard III of England, List of the titled nobility of England and Ireland 13001309, Complete Peerage, 1st edition, Vol VIII, P 171, Earls in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 22nd Earl of Shrewsbury, William Hastings-Bass, 17th Earl of Huntingdon, Robert Fiennes-Clinton, 19th Earl of Lincoln, Daniel Finch-Hatton, 17th Earl of Winchilsea, Nicholas Ashley-Cooper, 12th Earl of Shaftesbury, Daniel Finch-Hatton, 12th Earl of Nottingham, William Child Villiers, 10th Earl of Jersey, Alistair Sutherland, 25th Earl of Sutherland, Simon Bowes-Lyon, 19th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, George Baillie-Hamilton, 14th Earl of Haddington, James Lindesay-Bethune, 16th Earl of Lindsay, Simon Abney-Hastings, 15th Earl of Loudoun, Alexander Leslie-Melville, 15th Earl of Leven, James Douglas-Hamilton, 11th Earl of Selkirk, Filippo Rospigliosi, 12th Earl of Newburgh, Alexander Scrymgeour, 12th Earl of Dundee, Patrick Hope-Johnstone, 11th Earl of Annandale and Hartfell, Alexander Leslie-Melville, 14th Earl of Melville, Charles Finch-Knightley, 12th Earl of Aylesford, Charles Stanhope, 12th Earl of Harrington, George Hobart-Hampden, 10th Earl of Buckinghamshire, Robin Fox-Strangways, 10th Earl of Ilchester, William Pleydell-Bouverie, 9th Earl of Radnor, Alexander Murray, 8th and 9th Earl of Mansfield, Christopher Edgcumbe, 9th Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 22nd Earl of Waterford, William Anthony Nugent, 13th Earl of Westmeath, Robert King-Tenison, 12th Earl of Kingston, George Dawson-Damer, 7th Earl of Portarlington, Richard Hely-Hutchinson, 8th Earl of Donoughmore, Richard Graham-Toler, 7th Earl of Norbury, Peter St Clair-Erskine, 7th Earl of Rosslyn, Timothy Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 7th Earl of Minto, James Temple-Gore-Langton, 9th Earl Temple of Stowe, Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 5th Earl of Cranbrook, Raymond Asquith, 3rd Earl of Oxford and Asquith, Simon Bowes-Lyon, 6th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne, Benedict Baldwin, 5th Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, David Lloyd George, 4th Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, Norton Knatchbull, 3rd Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Shane Alexander, 2nd Earl Alexander of Tunis, Mark Cunliffe-Lister, 4th Earl of Swinton, David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon, Alexander Macmillan, 2nd Earl of Stockton, Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex and Earl of Forfar, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_earldoms&oldid=1140854177, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1st creation; recreated 1031, 1055, 1065, 1067, 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 1st creation; recreated 1067, 1141, 1227, 1321, 1360, 1461, 1465, 1866, 2nd creation; recreated 1055, 1065, 1067, 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 1st creation; recreated 1052, 1058, 1067, 1141, 1199, 2nd creation; forfeit 10511057; recreated 1051, 1067, 2nd creation; recreated 1058, 1067, 1141, 1199, 3rd creation; recreated 1065, 1067, 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 4th creation; recreated 1067, 1067, 1067, 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 2nd creation; recreated 1141, 1227, 1321, 1360, 1461, 1465, 1866, 5th creation; recreated 1067, 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 6th creation; recreated 1067, 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 7th creation; forfeit 10681070; recreated 1068, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 1st creation; recreated 1140, 1141, 1180, 1189, 1217, 1225, 1307, 1330, 8th creation; recreated 1070, 1072, 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 1st creation; recreated 1071, 1121, 1232, 1253, 1264, 1850, 2nd creation; recreated 1121, 1232, 1253, 1264, 1850, 9th creation; recreated 1075, 1080, 1086, 1139, 1189, 11th creation; recreated 1086, 1139, 1189, 3rd creation; recreated 1232, 1253, 1264, 1850, 2nd creation; recreated 1141, 1180, 1189, 1217, 1225, 1307, 1330, 3rd creation; recreated 1180, 1189, 1217, 1225, 1307, 1330, 3rd creation; recreated 1227, 1321, 1360, 1461, 1465, 1866, granted by Empress Matilda, unconfirmed by subsequent monarchs, never used by descendants, 4th creation; recreated 1189, 1217, 1225, 1307, 1330, 5th creation; recreated 1217, 1225, 1307, 1330, 4th creation; recreated 1321, 1360, 1461, 1465, 1866, de Clinton, Pelham-Clinton-Hope, Fiennes-Clinton, extinct 1661, on the death of the 2nd earl, this title was possibly never actually created, but has been claimed as a subsidiary title by the, extinct 1942, on the death of the 8th earl, de Moravia/Sutherland, Gordon, Sutherland, Leveson-Gower, Sutherland (Janson), peerage earldom dormant, territorial earldom extant, peerage for life only; subsidiary title of the, de Burgh, Plantagenet, Mortimer, Plantagenet, second creation (the first was in the Peerage of Great Britain), Montagu-Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie, Wortley, British Army officer; Commander-in-Chief of the Forces (from 1900 to 1904); former Commander-in-Chief of the British Forces in South Africa, Commander-in-Chief, Ireland, and Commander-in-Chief, India, colonial administrator; Consul-General of Egypt (from 1883 to 1907), Conservative Party politician; former First Commissioner of Works (from 1902 to 1905), Liberal Party politician; Lord Steward of the Household (from 1905 to 1907), Liberal Party politician; Lord High Chancellor (from 1905 to 1912), former Prime Minister (from 1894 to 1895); also, Liberal Party politician; Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (from 1908 to 1913); former Governor of Victoria (from 1895 to 1900), Conservative Party politician; former Viceroy of India (from 1899 to 1905); created, British Army officer and cabinet minister; Secretary of State for War (from 1914 to 1916); formerly British Consul-General in Egypt and Commander-in-Chief, India, Conservative Party politician; former Chancellor of the Exchequer (from 1895 to 1902); elevated to an earldom following his work on government finances during the First World War, cousin and brother-in-law of George V; ennobled after relinquishing his German titles, Liberal Party politician; Lord Chief Justice of England (from 1913 to 1921) and former Attorney General (from 1910 to 1913); created, Royal Navy officer; Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Fleet (from 1916 to 1919), British Army officer; Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force (from 1915 to 1919), Conservative Party and Irish Unionist Alliance politician; former leader of the latter (from 1910 to 1919) and a former cabinet minister, Liberal Party politician and colonial administrator; Governor-General of South Africa (from 1914 to 1920), Conservative Party politician; Foreign Secretary (from 1919 to 1924); former Viceroy of India (from 1899 to 1905); subsidiary title of the, former Prime Minister (from 1902 to 1905). Thomas Nelson, Viscount Merton, eldest son of the Earl Nelson, 87. Assuming that Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster and George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews succeed their fathers to become third Duke of Gloucester and third Duke of Kent respectively, their peerages (as created in 1928 and 1934) will cease to be royal dukedoms; instead their holders will become "ordinary" dukes. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. William Cunliffe-Lister, Lord Masham, eldest son of the Earl of Swinton, 134. This is a list of the 29 present dukes in the peerages of the Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, Kingdom of Great Britain, Kingdom of Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1927 and after. The Duke of Ireland was a title used for only two years and is somewhat confusing since only a small portion of Ireland was really under the control of England in 1386; it is not to be confused with the dukedoms of the Peerage of Ireland. The Dukedom of Abercorn was created after the. Edward and Georgina Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke and Duchess. Contents 1 History of the Dukedom 1.1 Dukes of Richmond and Somerset (1525) 1.2 Dukes of Richmond (1623) 1.3 Dukes of Richmond (1641) Royal dukedoms - that is, those granted to members of the monarch's family - have been created since 1337, when Edward III made his eldest son Duke of Cornwall, and there is no reason to think they will not continue. Augustus Keppel, Viscount Bury, eldest son of the Earl of Albemarle, 13. Mark Asquith, Viscount Asquith, eldest son of the Earl of Oxford and Asquith, 127. The first, Cornwall, is a title that automatically goes to the heir apparent (if and only if he is also the eldest living son of the Sovereign). Randal McDonnell, Viscount Dunluce, eldest son of the Earl of Antrim, 72. Anthony Lindsay, Lord Balniel, eldest son of the Earl of Crawford and Balcarres, 15.
A guide to the honors system. | Scandinavian Traveler [1] The titles can be inherited but cease to be called "royal" once they pass beyond the grandsons of a monarch. Female titles are given in parenthesis and usually designate the wife of a peer. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Non-royal dukedom created in 1694 is extant, Non-royal dukedom created in 1483 is extant, Non-royal dukedom created in 1547 is extant, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 18:53. Rhuridh Montgomerie, Lord Montgomerie, eldest son of the Earl of Eglinton and Winton, 19. What are the 8 dukedoms? Britain's 600 aristocratic families have doubled their wealth in the last decade and are as 'wealthy as at the height of Empire' Exclusive: Groundbreaking study finds hereditary titles are now. The dukedoms held by the members of the British Royal Family, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, List of dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, List of dukes in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, List of peerages created for British princes, "Order of Precedence in England and Wales", Prince Harry and Ms. Meghan Markle: Announcement of Titles, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal_dukedoms_in_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1142855392, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Granville Leveson-Gower, Lord Leveson, eldest son of the Earl Granville, 105. Henry Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, Lord Scrymgeour, eldest son of the Earl of Dundee, 33. Edward Villiers, Lord Hyde, eldest son of the Earl of Clarendon, 55. John Scott, Viscount Encombe, eldest son of the Earl of Eldon, 97. About 90 percent of those sitting in the House of Lords in 2020 are life peers. On 29 September 1397, in an unprecedented move, six dukedoms were created on a single day.